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Agnes Bernice Martin (March 22, 1912 – December 16, 2004) was an American abstract painter. Often referred to as a minimalist, Martin considered herself an abstract expressionist.〔〔 Her work has been defined as an "essay in discretion, inwardness and silence".〔 She was awarded a National Medal of Arts from the National Endowment for the Arts in 1998. ==Personal life== Agnes Bernice Martin was born to Scottish Presbyterian farmers in Macklin, Saskatchewan, one of four children.〔〔(MoMA | The Collection | Agnes Martin. (American, born Canada. 1912–2004) ), ''Moma.org''. Accessed March 28, 2011.〕 From age two, she grew up in Vancouver.〔(MoMA | The Collection | Agnes Martin. (American, born Canada. 1912–2004) ), ''Moma.org''. Accessed March 28, 2011.〕 She moved to the United States in 1931 to help her married sister. She preferred American higher education and became an American citizen in 1940.〔(Collection Online | Agnes Martin ), ''Guggenheimcollection.org''. Accessed March 28, 2011.〕 Martin studied at Western Washington University College of Education, Bellingham, Washington, prior to receiving her B.A. (1942) from Teachers College, Columbia University. After hearing lectures by the Zen Buddhist scholar D. T. Suzuki at Columbia, she became interested in Asian thought, not as a religious discipline, but as a code of ethics, a practical how-to for getting through life.〔 A few years following graduation, Martin matriculated at the University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, where she also taught art courses before returning to Columbia University to earn her M.A. (1952). She left New York City in 1967 and settled in Taos, New Mexico,〔 disappearing from the art world to live alone. She built an adobe home for herself there. She lived alone all her adult life.〔 She was publicly known to have schizophrenia,〔 once opting for electric shock therapy for treatment.〔 Despite her isolation and her reputation of being reclusive once she left New York City, many of her paintings bear very positive names such as “Happy Holiday” (1999) and “I Love the Whole World” (2000).〔 In an interview in 1989, discussing her life and her painting, Agnes Martin said, "Beauty and perfection are the same. They never occur without happiness."〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Oral history interview with Agnes Martin, 1989 May 15 )〕 A pioneer of her time, Agnes Martin refrained from publicly expressing her feelings towards women but other artists knew she was a closeted homosexual. She often employed an intersectional feminist lens when she critiqued fellow artists' work. Jaleh Mansoor, an art historian, states that Martin was "too engaged in a feminist relation to practice, perhaps, to objectify and label it as such". 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Agnes Martin」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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